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Word of the day: לרוץ - to run

24 September 2016

Several big רִיצוֺת מָרָתוֺן ritzot maraton (marathon races) are being held throughout the world today.

לָרוּץ larutz "to run" is a binyan qal verb with a hollow root: אֲנִי רַצְתִּי ani ratzti "I ran", הוּא רָץ hu ratz "he runs", הִיא תָּרוּץ hi tarutz "she will run":

הֲאִם רָצִיתָ מָרָתוֺן הַיּוֺם?
Ha-im ratzita maraton ha-yom?
Did you run marathon today?

According to the grammar rules, the past-tense form הִיא) רָצָה) (hi) ratza "she ran" is stressed on the first syllable, and the present-tense form הִיא) רָצָה) (hi) ratza "she runs" is stressed on the final a. In spoken language, however, both forms are most often stressed on the first syllable: רָצָה ratza.

The verb's action noun is רִיצָה ritza "race". The participle רָץ ratz can also be used as a noun "runner":

רָצֵי המָּרָתוֺן היִּשְׂרְאֵלִים זָכוּ בַּזָּהָב.
Ratzei ha-maraton ha-yisre'elim zachu ba-zahav.
The Israeli marathon runners won the gold.

לָרוּץ larutz can also be used in the figurative sense "to run for office":

טְרַאמְפּ וְקְלִינְטוֹנ רָצִים לִנְשִׂיאוּת אַרְהָ״ב.
Trump ve-Klinton ratzim li-nesi'ut arhav.
Trump and Clinton are running for the US presidency.

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